The School of Mathematical Sciences of Inner Mongolia Normal University, founded in 1952, is one of the earliest mathematics departments established in ethnic minority border regions after the founding of PRC. The School currently has four teaching institutions: the Department of Mathematics, the Department of Information and Computing Science, the Department of Statistics, and the Public Mathematics Teaching and Research Section. It offers three undergraduate majors: Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, Information and Computing Science, and Statistics. The School began enrolling master's students in 1978 and was authorized to grant doctoral degrees in first-level Mathematics in 2021. In 2022, it was approved to host the Key Laboratory of Infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian System and Its Algorithm Application (Ministry of Education), the Virtual Teaching and Research Office for Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, and the National First-class Undergraduate Major Construction Site. In 2023, it was approved to establish the "Mingantu Top-notch Talent Training Base" for basic disciplines. Its core course, Mathematical Analysis, was rated as a National First-class Course. In 2025, its discipline ranking entered the top 50% in China according to the Ruanke Best Chinese Subjects Ranking.

The School has 69 faculty and staff, including 59 full-time teachers (14 professors, 23 associate professors), 16 doctoral supervisors, and 34 master's supervisors. Among them, 35 have national and regional talent titles, including 1 national "Ten Thousand Talents Plan" leading talent, 1 foreign academician of the European Academy of Sciences, and 1 winner of the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars. The School has 1 national "Huang Danian-style" teacher team and 1 regional "Grassland Talent" innovation team. It has won 2 National Teaching Achievement Awards (Second Prize) and 2 Regional Natural Science Awards (First Prize). In recent years, faculty have led 21 National Natural Science Foundation projects and 52 provincial/ministerial projects, and won multiple awards in national and regional teaching competitions.

The School currently has 1,439 enrolled students, including 21 Ph.D. students, 178 master's students, and 1,240 undergraduates. Focusing on teaching skills, mathematical modeling, and innovation competitions, it is dedicated to cultivating innovative and applied high-quality talents. In recent years, students have excelled in professional competitions, winning 4 First Prizes and 4 Second Prizes in the National College Student Mathematical Modeling Contest, 1 Gold Award in the National College Student Career Planning Competition, and 1 Bronze Award in the National College Student Innovation Competition. Students also actively participate in extracurricular activities, showcasing a vigorous and promising spirit.

Over the past seventy years, the School has evolved from a mathematics teaching group to the current School of Mathematical Sciences. Adhering to the fundamental task of fostering virtue through education, it actively creates the "Mathematics in Northern Border" Party building brand. The School always puts teaching and research at the core, forming the educational philosophy of "teaching is the foundation, research is the path to strength." It is committed to building itself into a first-class mathematics base and a comprehensive teaching-research university in Inner Mongolia.